Ch 6 notes periodic table chemistry series#

The f-block contains the inner transition metals. The five d orbitals can hold 10 electrons, so the d-block spans ten groups on the periodic table. There are exceptions, but d-block elements usually have filled outermost s orbital, and filled or partially filled d orbital. The d-block contains the transition metals and is the largest block. Groups 13-18 contain elements with completely or partially filled p orbitals. Group 2 elements have a completely filled s orbital with two electrons.Īfter the s-orbital is filled, valence electrons occupy the porbital. Group 1 elements have a partially filled s orbital with one electron. S-block elements consist of group 1 and 2, and the element helium. The s-, p-, d-, and f-Block Elements (cont.) The shape of the periodic table becomes clear if it is divided into blocks representing the atom’s energy sublevel being filled with valence electrons. The number of valence electrons for elements in groups 13-18 is ten less than their group number. The energy level of an element’s valence electrons indicates the period on the periodic table in which it is found. Organizing the Elements by Electron Configuration (cont.) All group 1 elements have one valence electron. Recall electrons in the highest principal energy level are called valence electrons. Organizing the Elements by Electron Configuration Metalloids have physical and chemical properties of both metals and non-metals, such as silicon and germanium. Group 18 gases are extremely unreactive and commonly called noble gases. Group 17 is composed of highly reactive elements called halogens. Non-metals are elements that are generally gases or brittle, dulllooking solids, and poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Ch 6 notes periodic table chemistry series#

The two sets of inner transition metals are called the lanthanide series and actinide series and are located at the bottom of the periodic table. The transition elements are divided into transition metals and inner transition metals. Alkaline earth metals are in group 2, and are also highly reactive. Alkali metals are all the elements in group 1 except hydrogen, and are very reactive. Metals are elements that are generally shiny when smooth and clean, solid at room temperature, and good conductors of heat and electricity. Elements in groups 3-12 are known as the transition metals.Įlements are classified as metals, non-metals, and metalloids. Elements in groups 1,2, and 13-18 possess a wide variety of chemical and physical properties and are called the representative elements. The modern periodic table contains boxes which contain the element's name, symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.Ĭolumns of elements are called groups. Periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic number is called periodic law. Moseley rearranged the table by increasing atomic number, and resulted in a clear periodic pattern. Meyer and Mendeleev both demonstrated a connection between atomic mass and elemental properties. Newlands noticed when the elements were arranged by increasing atomic mass, their properties repeated every eighth element. John Newlands proposed an arrangement where elements were ordered by increasing atomic mass. The 1800s brought large amounts of information and scientists needed a way to organize knowledge about elements. In the 1700s, Lavoisier compiled a list of all the known elements of the time.ĭevelopment of the Periodic Table (cont.) Chapter 6 : The Periodic Table and Periodic Law Section 1 Notes